328 lines
16 KiB
Plaintext
328 lines
16 KiB
Plaintext
MODEL: nemotron-cascade-30b
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PATH: /home/qrf/.cache/llama.cpp/nvidia_Nemotron-Cascade-2-30B-A3B-Q4_K_M.gguf
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STARTED: 2026-07-11 21:30:34
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Q01 [physics]
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What is the Chandrasekhar limit in solar masses, and what does it represent?
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The Chandrasekhar limit is approximately 1.4 solar masses. It represents the maximum mass a white dwarf star can have before gravitational collapse occurs, leading to the formation of a neutron star or black hole.
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(finish=stop tokens=44 time=1.6s tps=77.5)
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Q02 [physics]
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Which bosons mediate the weak nuclear force?
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The weak nuclear force is mediated by the massive, electrically charged W⁺ and W⁻ bosons, and the electrically neutral Z⁰ boson. These three gauge bosons are the carriers of the weak interaction.
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(finish=stop tokens=46 time=0.8s tps=78.2)
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Q03 [physics]
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What is the approximate value of the fine-structure constant?
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The fine‑structure constant α is approximately 1/137, or more precisely about 7.297 × 10⁻³.
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(finish=stop tokens=35 time=0.7s tps=78.5)
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Q04 [physics]
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What did the Davisson-Germer experiment confirm?
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The Davisson-Germer experiment confirmed the wave nature of electrons by demonstrating electron diffraction from a crystal lattice, providing direct evidence for the de Broglie hypothesis that particles exhibit wave-like properties. It showed that electrons, when scattered by a nickel crystal, produced diffraction patterns consistent with X-ray diffraction, validating Louis de Broglie's 1924 theory. This experiment was pivotal in establishing quantum mechanics and earned Davisson and Germer the 1937 Nobel Prize in Physics. It definitively proved that electrons, like light, can exhibit wave behavior under specific conditions.
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(finish=stop tokens=119 time=1.8s tps=77.4)
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Q05 [chemistry]
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What is the oxidation state of manganese in potassium permanganate?
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The oxidation state of manganese in potassium permanganate (KMnO₄) is +7. This is determined by assigning oxygen a -2 oxidation state (four oxygens total -8) and potassium +1, then solving for manganese: +1 + (Mn) + 4×(-2) = 0 → Mn = +7.
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(finish=stop tokens=74 time=1.2s tps=77.6)
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Q06 [chemistry]
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Which element has the highest electronegativity after fluorine?
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Oxygen has the highest electronegativity after fluorine, with a Pauling value of 3.44. Chlorine follows with 3.16. No other element has a higher electronegativity than oxygen among the remaining elements.
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(finish=stop tokens=50 time=0.9s tps=78.0)
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Q07 [chemistry]
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What industrial process converts nitrogen gas to ammonia, and what catalyst does it typically use?
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The Haber‑Bosch process synthesizes ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen. It typically uses an iron‑based catalyst promoted with potassium and aluminum oxides.
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(finish=stop tokens=31 time=0.7s tps=78.6)
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Q08 [chemistry]
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What is a racemic mixture?
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A racemic mixture is a 1:1 combination of two enantiomers (mirror‑image stereoisomers) of a chiral molecule, resulting in a compound that is overall optically inactive. Each enantiomer rotates plane‑polarized light in equal magnitude but opposite direction, so their effects cancel. The mixture is also called a racemate and is typically denoted as (±) or (R,S).
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(finish=stop tokens=81 time=1.3s tps=77.5)
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Q09 [biology]
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Which nerve innervates the diaphragm, and from which spinal roots does it arise?
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The diaphragm is innervated by the phrenic nerve, which arises from the cervical spinal roots C3, C4, and C5.
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(finish=stop tokens=31 time=0.7s tps=78.5)
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Q10 [biology]
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What is the primary function of the loop of Henle?
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The primary function of the loop of Henle is to create a concentration gradient in the kidney medulla that enables the kidney to produce concentrated urine and conserve water. It achieves this by actively reabsorbing sodium and chloride in its thick ascending limb and passively reabsorbing water in its thin descending limb. This gradient drives the subsequent reabsorption of water and solutes in the collecting duct under the influence of antidiuretic hormone.
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(finish=stop tokens=90 time=1.5s tps=77.5)
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Q11 [biology]
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Deficiency of which vitamin causes pellagra, and what are its three classic symptoms?
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Niacin (vitamin B3) deficiency causes pellagra. Its three classic symptoms are diarrhea, dermatitis, and dementia.
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(finish=stop tokens=27 time=0.6s tps=79.0)
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Q12 [biology]
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What organism causes Chagas disease and what vector transmits it?
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Chagas disease is caused by the parasite *Trypanosoma cruzi*. It is transmitted to humans primarily by the triatomine bug, commonly known as the "kissing bug," which deposits parasite‑laden feces near the bite site.
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(finish=stop tokens=50 time=0.9s tps=78.0)
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Q13 [history]
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In what year did the First Council of Nicaea convene?
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The First Council of Nicaea convened in 325 CE.
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(finish=stop tokens=17 time=0.5s tps=80.0)
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Q14 [history]
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Who is generally considered the last emperor of the Western Roman Empire?
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Romulus Augustulus is generally regarded as the last emperor of the Western Roman Empire, ruling from 475 to 476 AD before being deposed by the Germanic chieftain Odoacer.
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(finish=stop tokens=47 time=0.8s tps=78.0)
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Q15 [history]
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What peace settlement ended the Thirty Years' War, and in what year?
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The Thirty Years' War ended with the Peace of Westphalia, signed in 1648.
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(finish=stop tokens=23 time=0.6s tps=79.5)
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Q16 [history]
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Which Chinese dynasty ruled during the voyages of Zheng He?
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The Ming dynasty ruled during the voyages of Zheng He. Zheng He's treasure voyages occurred from 1405 to 1433 under the Ming Yongle Emperor. The Ming dynasty (1368–1644) was the ruling Chinese dynasty at that time.
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(finish=stop tokens=60 time=1.0s tps=72.8)
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Q17 [geography]
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What is the deepest lake in the world and approximately how deep is it?
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The deepest lake in the world is Lake Baikal in Siberia, with a maximum depth of approximately 1,642 meters (5,387 feet). It is also the oldest and most voluminous freshwater lake.
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(finish=stop tokens=48 time=0.9s tps=78.0)
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Q18 [geography]
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Which two countries share the longest international land border?
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Canada and the United States share the longest international land border, stretching approximately 8,891 kilometers (5,525 miles) including Alaska. This border runs across diverse terrain from the Atlantic to the Pacific coasts and the Arctic. It is the world's longest undefended border and includes the longest international land border between two sovereign nations.
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(finish=stop tokens=73 time=1.2s tps=77.7)
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Q19 [geography]
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What strait separates Asia from North America?
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The Bering Strait separates Asia from North America.
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(finish=stop tokens=11 time=0.4s tps=81.6)
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Q20 [geography]
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What is the capital of Burkina Faso?
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The capital of Burkina Faso is Ouagadougou.
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(finish=stop tokens=12 time=0.3s tps=81.1)
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Q21 [literature]
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Who wrote The Master and Margarita?
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Mikhail Bulgakov wrote *The Master and Margarita*.
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(finish=stop tokens=15 time=0.3s tps=80.9)
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Q22 [literature]
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In Dante's Divine Comedy, who guides Dante through Paradise?
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Beatrice guides Dante through Paradise. She appears as his celestial guide after Virgil's role in Inferno and Purgatorio.
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(finish=stop tokens=26 time=0.5s tps=78.9)
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Q23 [literature]
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What is the famous opening line of Anna Karenina?
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The famous opening line of *Anna Karenina* is: "All happy families are alike; each unhappy family is unhappy in its own way."
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(finish=stop tokens=30 time=0.6s tps=78.7)
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Q24 [literature]
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Who wrote One Hundred Years of Solitude and in what year was it first published?
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Gabriel García Márquez wrote *One Hundred Years of Solitude*. It was first published in 1967.
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(finish=stop tokens=24 time=0.5s tps=78.9)
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Q25 [music]
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What was Iron Maiden's debut studio album and in what year was it released?
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Iron Maiden's debut studio album was *Iron Maiden*, released in 1980. It was their first full-length studio album, recorded with Paul Di'Anno as the vocalist. The album was released on April 14, 1980, by EMI Records.
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(finish=stop tokens=59 time=0.9s tps=77.8)
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Q26 [music]
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Which composer wrote the Goldberg Variations?
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Johann Sebastian Bach composed the Goldberg Variations.
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(finish=stop tokens=9 time=0.4s tps=85.0)
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Q27 [music]
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Who produced System of a Down's album Toxicity?
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System of a Down's album *Toxicity* was produced by the band themselves, with Daron Malakian and Shavo Odadjian serving as the primary producers. The band's production was assisted by engineer Andy Wallace. The album was released in 2001 under the label American Records.
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(finish=stop tokens=64 time=1.0s tps=80.9)
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Q28 [music]
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The natural minor scale corresponds to which mode of the major scale?
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The natural minor scale is the **Aeolian mode** of the major scale. It is the sixth mode of the diatonic major scale, built on the sixth degree of the major scale. For example, the A natural minor scale (A-B-C-D-E-F-G-A) is the Aeolian mode of C major.
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(finish=stop tokens=70 time=1.1s tps=80.8)
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Q29 [rf_engineering]
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What is the approximate free-space path loss in dB at 1 km for a 2.4 GHz signal?
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The free-space path loss (FSPL) at 1 km for a 2.4 GHz signal is about 92 dB. This follows from the FSPL formula \(FSPL = 20\log_{10}(d) + 20\log_{10}(f) + 32.44\) (with d in km and f in MHz), giving \(20\log_{10}(1) + 20\log_{10}(2400) + 32.44 \approx 92\) dB.
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(finish=stop tokens=128 time=1.9s tps=80.4)
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Q30 [rf_engineering]
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What quantity does a Smith chart plot, and what is it used for?
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A Smith chart plots the complex reflection coefficient (Γ) of a linear electrical network, mapping impedance (Z) or admittance (Y) values onto a unit circle in the complex plane. It is used to design, analyze, and match transmission line and RF circuits by visualizing impedance transformations, standing wave ratios, and component effects across frequencies. The chart simplifies complex calculations for impedance matching, filter design, and antenna tuning in radio frequency engineering.
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(finish=stop tokens=91 time=1.4s tps=80.5)
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Q31 [rf_engineering]
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State the Shannon capacity formula and define its variables.
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The Shannon capacity formula is \(C = B \log_2(1 + \text{SNR})\), where \(C\) is the channel capacity in bits per second, \(B\) is the bandwidth in hertz, and \(\text{SNR}\) is the signal-to-noise ratio (ratio of signal power to noise power). This formula gives the theoretical maximum data rate for a noisy channel under ideal conditions.
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(finish=stop tokens=82 time=1.3s tps=80.6)
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Q32 [rf_engineering]
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What modulation and spreading scheme does the GPS L1 C/A signal use?
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The GPS L1 C/A signal uses direct‑sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) modulation with a 1.023 MHz chipping rate and a Gold code pseudo‑random sequence for spreading.
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(finish=stop tokens=44 time=0.9s tps=81.2)
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Q33 [math]
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What is the exact value of the Riemann zeta function at s=2?
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The exact value is ζ(2) = π²⁄6. This result, known as the Basel problem solution, was first proved by Euler. The series 1 + 1/2² + 1/3² + ... converges to this value. Numerically, it is approximately 1.644934.
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(finish=stop tokens=70 time=1.1s tps=80.3)
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Q34 [math]
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State the Central Limit Theorem in one sentence.
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The Central Limit Theorem states that, for a sufficiently large sample size, the distribution of the sample mean of independent, identically distributed random variables approaches a normal distribution with mean equal to the population mean and variance equal to the population variance divided by the sample size, regardless of the original distribution.
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(finish=stop tokens=59 time=1.0s tps=80.7)
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Q35 [math]
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Write out Euler's identity.
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e^{iπ} + 1 = 0.
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(finish=stop tokens=13 time=0.4s tps=83.8)
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Q36 [math]
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How many groups of order 8 exist up to isomorphism?
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There are five groups of order 8 up to isomorphism: the cyclic group \(C_8\), the direct product \(C_4 \times C_2\), the elementary abelian group \(C_2 \times C_2 \times C_2\), the dihedral group \(D_4\), and the quaternion group \(Q_8\).
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(finish=stop tokens=73 time=1.1s tps=80.7)
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Q37 [econ_law]
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What is the difference between nominal and real GDP?
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Nominal GDP measures a country's economic output using current market prices, reflecting both changes in production and price levels. Real GDP adjusts nominal GDP for inflation by using constant base-year prices, isolating changes in actual production volume. The key difference is that nominal GDP includes price changes while real GDP excludes them, making real GDP a better indicator of economic growth over time.
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(finish=stop tokens=74 time=1.2s tps=80.6)
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Q38 [econ_law]
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What legal principle does habeas corpus protect?
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Habeas corpus protects the legal principle that individuals cannot be detained without cause, ensuring the right to challenge unlawful imprisonment before a court. It requires authorities to justify custody and prevents arbitrary or secret arrests. This principle is foundational to due process and personal liberty in common law systems.
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(finish=stop tokens=58 time=0.9s tps=80.8)
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Q39 [econ_law]
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Who won the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics for prospect theory?
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not sure. Daniel Kahneman is most closely associated with prospect theory and won the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics in 2002, though the prize was shared with Vernon Smith.
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(finish=stop tokens=38 time=0.7s tps=81.3)
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Q40 [econ_law]
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What is Gresham's law?
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Gresham's law states that "bad money drives out good money" when both are legally tender at a fixed exchange rate: overvalued (bad) currency circulates, while undervalued (good) currency is hoarded or exported. It applies only when both forms are accepted at face value by law, not when market forces alone determine value. The law is often misquoted as "bad money always drives out good," but the key condition is the fixed legal exchange rate.
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(finish=stop tokens=101 time=1.5s tps=80.4)
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TOTAL: 37s for 40 questions
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=== RUN COMPLETE ===
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